Musi wa10 Gumiguru (nguva yemuno), Mutungamiriri weUS Trump akazivisa mutemo mukuru: kutanga musi wa1 Mbudzi, mutero wekuwedzera we100% uchaiswa pazvinhu zvese zvinotengeswa kubva kuChina pamusoro pemitero iripo, zvigadzirwa zvemachira zvakaita seshinda zvichibatanidzwa pasina musiyano. Pamwe chete nemitero iripo yeChikamu 301, mutero wakazara wezvimwe zvigadzirwa zveshinda wapfuura 50%, zvichiwedzera kaviri mutengo wemakambani ekutumira kunze kwenyika kuUS.
Zvichienderana nekuverenga kwemaindasitiri, kana maodha ekuUS akarasika zvakanyanya, zvichakanganisa 2.5% yemari yese inowanikwa neindasitiri yeChina yeshinda, uye kugona kugadzira shinda diki nepakati kunogona kusangana nenjodzi yekumiswa.
Mutemo uyu wakonzerawo hurukuro dzakasimba pakati pevanoshandisa internet. Vanhu vazhinji vakataura pachena kuti "US inokonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana kuChina asi haigone kushivirira matanho ekudzivirira kubva kune vamwe." Kune vatengesi vepamiganhu, kuchinja kukuru kwemitero kwave tsika, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuwedzera misika yakasiyana-siyana uye kudzivirira njodzi imwe chete.
Trump ari kurevesa here panguva ino?
Mushumo weThe New York Times musi wegumi wakaratidza kuti mwero wemitero weUS pari zvino pazvinhu zveChina wasvika pa30%, uye kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa, wakakwira zvakanyanya. Danho raTrump richakwidza mutero wemitengo yezvinhu zveChina kusvika pamusoro pe130%, zvichiratidza kuwedzera kukuru kwekusawirirana pakati penyika mbiri huru dzepasi rose. Pakutanga kwegore rino, mushure mekuwedzera kwemitero kakawanda nedivi reUS, mwero wemitero wakaiswa paChina wakasvika pa145%, zvichiita kuti kutengeserana kukuru pakati penyika mbiri idzi kumire. Gare gare, China neUS dzakasvika pachibvumirano cherunyararo rwemitero yekukurudzira hurukuro dzekutengeserana, zvishoma nezvishoma dzichideredza mutero kusvika pa30%. Kudzoserwa kwemutero weUS panguva ino kuchaparadza kubudirira kwakawanikwa kuburikidza nekukurukurirana kwehupfumi nekutengeserana pakati peChina neUS.
Nyika dzekunze dzakaona kuti migumisiro yakaipa yekuvharwa kwehurumende yeUS iri kuramba ichibuda, uye Trump, uyo atove akaremerwa, achangobva kukundikana mukuyedza kwake kuwana Nobel Peace Prize. Vamwe vanoongorora nhau dzekuUS vakati pakati pematambudziko emukati nekunze uye kusagutsikana kwakanyanya, danho raTrump rekuratidza hasha dzake pamusoro pemitemo mitsva yeChina ringavewo kuedza kutsausa pfungwa dzemumba.
Zvisinei, kutyisidzira kwakangoerekana kwaita kuti mwero wemitero yeChina uwedzere ne100% kwakaita kuti maonero everuzhinji veUS azvione "zvisingadaviriki." Kuti nhamba iyi inoita seinopenga ichanyatsoitwa here kana kuti ingori imwe yenzira dzaTrump dzekutaurirana kwave kuri kutaurwa pamusoro pemapoka ese.
Matanho eChina eKurwisa: Nzira ine Zvikamu Zviviri neNyika Dzisingawanzoonekwi uye Kutakurwa Kwemugungwa
Kubva pazuva rakapfuura kusvika pazuva iro Trump akazivisa kuwedzera kwemitero, China yakaisa matanho maviri ekudzivirira kumanikidzwa kwekutengeserana kweUS.
Kuvandudzwa kweRare Earth Control
Musi wa9 Gumiguru, Bazi rezvekutengeserana reChina rakaburitsa chiziviso, icho chisina kungosimbisa chete kudzora kutengeswa kwezvinhu zvekutanga zverare earth asiwo chakasanganisira tekinoroji yekuchera rare earth nekuchenesa pamwe nemidziyo mikuru muchikamu chezvirambidzo zvekutumira kunze kekutanga. Sezvo rare earths dziri zvinhu zvakakosha muminda yekugadzira zvinhu zvine hungwaru uye simba idzva, danho iri richakanganisa zvakananga kugadzikana kwemaindasitiri nemidziyo yekupa zvinhu muUS.
Kugadzirisa Kuenzana Mukutakura Kwemugungwa
Musi wa10 Gumiguru, Bazi rezveKutakura reChina rakazivisa panguva imwe chete kuti kutanga musi wa14 Gumiguru, mari yekuwedzera yekutakura ichabhadhariswa ngarava dzine mureza weUS dzinopinda muzviteshi zveChina, uye muripo wekubhadhara uchienderana nemari yaimbove yaiswa neUS pangarava dzeChina. Data rinoratidza kuti kutengeserana kwemugungwa pakati peChina neUS kunotora anopfuura 70% yehuwandu hwekutengeserana pakati penyika mbiri idzi. Chiyero ichi chichawedzera zvakananga mari yemakambani ekutakura zvinhu eUS, zvichivamanikidza kuti vaongorore zvakare mari yekutengeserana neChina, uye kubatsira makambani ekunze emuno kuti awane simba rekutaurirana.
Kukunda Zvipingamupinyi Zvitatu: Makambani Eshinda Anotanga Hondo Yekudzivirira Kupona Kwavo
1. Kuchinja-chinja Musika: Misika Iri Kukura Inotora Maodha eUS
Vachitarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvemitero mumusika weUS, misika iri kusimukira yakaita seSouth America neAfrica iri kuva "nzvimbo dzakachengeteka" dzemakambani eshinda. Data rinoratidza kuti kudiwa kwemakambani ekuruka eBrazil eChina anosvuura shinda dzemhepo nedzemhepo kwakawedzera ne12% pagore, uye kuvimba kwemakambani emumba eArgentina neshinda dzemuChina kunodarika 60%. Shandong Weiqiao yakapinda nekukurumidza muBrazilian GTS Textile Exhibition uye yakasvika pamutengo waitarisirwa wemamiriyoni maviri emadhora ekuAmerica pazuva rekutanga. "Vatengi vekuSouth America vanokoshesa kushanda zvakanaka kwemutengo, uye mutengo weshinda yedu patani wakaderera ne8% pane wezvigadzirwa zvakafanana kubva kuIndia, inova ndiyo mukana wedu mukuru."
Misika iri pedyo ne "Belt and Road" uye pakati penyika dziri nhengo dzeRCEP ine mukana mukuru. Muhafu yekutanga ya2025, kutengeswa kweshinda dzeChina kuSoutheast Asia kwakawedzera ne9.3%. Pasi pehurongwa hweRCEP, 82% yemhando dzeshinda dzinogona kunakidzwa nekuderedzwa kwemitero kana kusabhadharwa. Mushure mekunge mabhizinesi anyorera zvitupa zvekutanga, mutero wekupinza zvinhu muCambodia unogona kudzikiswa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pa15% kusvika pazero, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya kukwikwidzana kwemusika.
2. Kubudirira Kwechigadzirwa: Shiri Dzakawedzerwa Kukosha Kwazvo Dzinodzivirira Njodzi
Mumaworkshop ekugadzira, mitsetse yekugadzira shinda dzinorwisa mabhakitiriya uye dzinonzwa kutonhora uye shinda dzinofambisa kupisa dzegraphene dziri kushanda zvakakwana. Rudzi urwu rweshinda runoshanda rune zvipingamupinyi zvepamusoro zvetekinoroji, uye kunyangwe mutengo ukagadziriswa nekuda kwemitero, vatengi vekuUS vanogona kugamuchira kukwira kwemitengo kusvika ku30%. Mune ramangwana, kuwedzera kwekudyara mari muR&D muzvigadzirwa zveshinda zvembatya dzekunze nemachira ekurapa kuchava "nhare" yemabhizinesi ekudzivirira njodzi dzemitero.
Mafambiro emaindasitiri anosimbisawo divi iri. Muna 2025, kudiwa kweshinda dzemhando yepamusoro pasi rose kuchawedzera ne15%, uye nzvimbo yepamusoro yeshinda dzakangwara neshinda dzakadzokororwa yakapetwa kaviri kana katatu kupfuura yezvigadzirwa zvemazuva ose. Zvinotarisirwa kuti musika weshinda dzemhando yepamusoro uchasvika 35% panosvika 2030, uye kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji kwave chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti mabhizinesi akunde matambudziko.
3. Kutevedzera Kutengeswa Kwezvinhu: Kudzivisa "Kubviswa Kwezvinhu Kubva Pakuvanda"
Mamwe makambani anosarudza kufamba nemuSoutheast Asia kuti aderedze mitengo yemitero, asi njodzi dzekutevedzera mitemo hadzigoni kufuratirwa. Kambani yeshinda muZhejiang yakamboonekwa neUS Customs se "inobva kuChina" nekuti yaingocheka nekusona muCambodia isina kutamisa maitiro ekugadzira, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwemitero ne27.5 muzana kamwe chete. Mushure mekugadzirisa, kambani iyi yakatamisa maitiro ekuruka shinda kunzvimbo yemuno, uye negwaro reCambodia rekwakabva, mwero wemitero wakaderedzwa kusvika 25.6%.
"Tekinoroji yeBlockchain iri kugadzirisa dambudziko rekutevedzana kwecheni yekugovera," nyanzvi dzeindasitiri dzakataura. Nekuisa zvinhu pacheni kuratidza maitiro ese ekugadzira panguva chaiyo, njodzi yekubiridzira kwepakutanga inogona kudzivirirwa zvinobudirira. Parizvino, makambani matanhatu anotungamira eshinda muFujian awana manejimendi yecheni yekugovera yakafungidzirwa.
Kutanga Kweindasitiri: Mikana Mitsva Mumusika Wemadhora Mabhiriyoni makumi mana nematatu
Kunyangwe musika wekuUS uri kutarisana nematambudziko, mukana wemusika weshinda dzepasi rose uchiripo. Hukuru hwemusika weshinda dzepasi rose huchasvika mabhiriyoni makumi mana nematatu emadhora muna 2025, uye maitiro eAsia anodarika 60% haasati achinja. Dare reChina National Textile and Apparel Council rinokurudzira kuti makambani ashandise marongerwo emitsara miviri: munyika, ongorora mamiriro akapatsanurwa akadai sezvipfeko zvemitambo nemachira ekurapa kuti zvisvike pazvinodiwa nevatengi vemuno; pasi rese, shandisa e-commerce yemumiganhu kuti uvake mabrandi eDTC (Direct-to-Consumer) uye kusvika zvakananga kune vatengi vekune dzimwe nyika.
"Mitero inomanikidza kuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri inogona kunge isiri chinhu chakaipa," vaongorori veGeneral Administration of Customs vakadaro. Muzvikamu zvitatu zvekutanga zvegore ra2025, huwandu hwezvikumbiro zvepatent zvemashinda akangwara emuno hwakawedzera ne47% gore rega rega. "Kugona kwekutsigira shinda dzeChinese muindasitiri kuchiri mukana mukuru usingagone kutsiva Southeast Asia. Chero bedzi nzira chaiyo yawanikwa, mikana mitsva inogona kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu ari kuchinja."
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-14-2025