Kukura kwezvinhu zviri muUS kuri kudzikira zvakanyanya, uye chikamu chekutanga chegore ra2024 chinotarisirwa kuti chitange kuzara. United States yapinda muchikamu chekuzara, ko China iri kuita basa guru rekutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika?
Zhou Mi, muongorori paAcademy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation yeChinese Ministry of Commerce, anotenda kuti kukanganisa kwekudzorerwa kwezvinhu zviri muChina kubva kunze kwenyika, kune rumwe rutivi, United States yakawedzera kushandiswa kwemuno kana paine kuwedzera kwehupfumi, zvimwe zvezvinoshandiswa izvi zvinotengwa kubva kuChina, zvimwe zvinotengwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika, uye kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemuno muUnited States hakuzove nemhedzisiro yakasimba pakutengesa zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika neChina. Nekuti United States ikozvino yachinja manyuko ayo ekutengeserana, mugove weChina mumusika wekupinza zvinhu muUnited States wakapararira kusvika pamwero wakati. Kune rumwe rutivi, unobvawo mukugadziriswa kwechimiro chemaindasitiri eUnited States. Mukufambira mberi kweindasitiri yekugadzira zvinhu muUnited States, zvinhu zvakawanda zvekugadzira nezvinhu zvepakati zvinofanirwa kutengwa, izvo zvakachinja mamiriro ekutumira zvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira. China ndeimwe yevanogadzira zvinhu zvepakati pasi rose, uye kugadzira zvinhu zveChina kunogona kubatsira kukura kwemaindasitiri nemabhizinesi akakodzera muUnited States. Pamusoro pezvo, China ndiyo ine mukana wepamusoro wekukwikwidza pasi rose mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza, zvinosanganisira simba idzva uye matekinoroji ane kabhoni shoma, izvo zvichapa basa rakakosha rekutsigira United States mukuzadzazve zvinhu zvayo uye kugadzirisa chimiro chesimba rayo.
Ni Yueju, muongorori paInstitute of World Economics and Politics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, akati mhedzisiro yekudzoserwa kweUS pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika yeChina inokanganiswa nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika yeChina uye kusimba kwezvinodiwa neUS. Kubva pane zvakaitika kare, zvigadzirwa zvine mugove wakakwira muChina zvinokura nekukurumidza; Kana simba rekuwedzera zvinhu muUS rakawanda, avhareji yekukura kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika neChina kuUS yezvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana yakakwira. Kunyangwe chikamu chezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika neChina muzvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zveUS chadzikira nekuda kwekukanganiswa kwemakambani ekutengeserana eSino-US, China ichiri pakati pevatatu vepamusoro vanopinza zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika muUS. Kuderera kukuru kwechikamu chezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika neChina kuUnited States kwakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa nemitengo yakakwira, uye mabhenefiti echinyakare eChina haana kukanganiswa zvakanyanya, zvichireva chikamu chakanyanya, senge maindasitiri madiki, mbatya, zvinhu zvidiki, michina nemidziyo, midziyo yemumba nemidziyo. Zvinotarisirwa kuti kukokwa kwechikamu chezvino chekuwedzera zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika neChina kunogona kunge kwakanyanya muzvitoro zvezvivakwa zvakaita semidziyo yemumba nemidziyo; simbi, michina nedzimwe cheni yekuvaka zvivakwa; Zvipfeko, machira nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekutengesa zvinhu.
Li Hongbing, purofesa paChikoro cheEconomics and Management cheBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, anotenda kuti kana United States yapinda muchikamu chekuzadzikisa, kubva kudivi rekugovera, chikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa zveChina, kukura kwekukura kunowanzova kwakanyanya; Kubva kudivi rekudiwa, apo United States inowedzera kuzara, avhareji yekukura kwekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana kuUnited States yakakwira. Muzvikamu zviviri zvapfuura zvekuzadzikisa muUnited States, nguva ya2020-2022 idenderedzwa rakasimba rekuzadzikisa, mwero wekukura kwekutengesa zvigadzirwa zveChina zvakarongwa neHS kuUnited States i5.7%, uye nguva ya2016-2018 idenderedzwa rekuzadza rakaderera, uye pakati payo i1.3% chete. Pasi pedenderedzwa rekuzadza rakaderera, pane musiyano mudiki mukukura kwekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana kuChina, uye zvakakosha kuongorora kukanganisa kudivi rekudiwa.
Chikamu chezvinotengeswa neChina kuUnited States chadzikira, asi huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvinokwikwidzana huchiri pamusoro. Kubva muna Mbudzi 2023, chikamu cheChina chezvinhu zvinotengeswa kuUS chadzikira kubva pa22% muna 2018 kusvika pa14%, kudzokera padanho ra2006. Kunyange zvakadaro, China ndeimwe yemakambani matatu epamusoro ekuUS anopinza zvinhu, iri shure kweMexico neCanada. Kusawirirana kwekutengeserana pakati peChina neUS ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekudzikira kwemugove, asi hazvigone kutsanangura zvese, zvinhu zvinotengeswa neChina kuUnited States zvisiri zvemitero zvichiri pamusoro. Mushure megore ra2018, United States yakaisa mimwe mitero kuChina muzvikamu zvina, uye zvigadzirwa zvine kudzikira kukuru kwemugove wezvinhu zvinotengeswa neChina kuUnited States zvakaiswa muzvigadzirwa zvine mitengo yakakwira, uye zvigadzirwa zvisiri zvemitero zvakatumirwa kuUnited States zvakasvika pakakwirira uye hazvina kukanganiswa zvakanyanya. Kune rumwe rutivi, huwandu hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa neChina muUnited States hunoenderanawo zvakanaka nezvinodiwa neUnited States, uye kana zvinodiwa neUnited States zvikadzoka, zvinhu zvinotengeswa neChina zvinogona kugadziriswawo kusvika pamwero wakati. Zvakanakira zvinhu zvinotengeswa neChina kuUnited States zvakatarisana neindasitiri diki, mbatya, zvinhu zvidiki, michina nemidziyo, midziyo yemumba nefenicha.
Kunobva: China Textiles
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-25-2024