Kubva zvapera guruva mushure mesarudzo dzemuUS, mitengo yekutengesera kunze kwenyika ndeimwe yenyaya dziri kutariswa zvakanyanya nevanhu vazhinji vemachira.
Sekureva kweBloomberg News, nhengo dzechikwata cheMutungamiriri mutsva weUS dzakataura munguva pfupi yapfuura muhurukuro nefoni kuti dzichaisa mutero wakafanana neChina pazvinhu zvese zvinopfuura nepachiteshi cheQiankai.
Qiankai Port, zita risingazivikanwe nevanhu vazhinji vemachira, sei vanhu vachigona kurwa zvakanyanya kudaro? Ndeipi mikana yebhizinesi iripo mumusika wemachira kuseri kwechiteshi ichi?
Chiteshi cheChankai
Chiteshi ichi chiri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa yePacific kumadokero kwePeru, makiromita angangoita makumi masere kubva muguta guru reLima, uye chiteshi ichi chine mvura yakadzika ine kudzika kwakanyanya kwemamita 17.8 uye chinogona kutakura ngarava dzemakontena makuru kwazvo.
Chiteshi cheQiankai ndechimwe chezvirongwa zvikuru zveBelt and Road Initiative muLatin America. Chinodzorwa uye chinovandudzwa nemakambani ekuChina. Chikamu chekutanga chechirongwa ichi chakatanga muna 2021. Mushure memakore angangoita matatu ekuvakwa, Chiteshi cheQiankai chakatanga kuoneka, kusanganisira nzvimbo ina dzekutakura ngarava, dzine kudzika kwemvura kwemamita 17.8, uye dzinogona kumisa ngarava dzeTEU dzakakura zvikuru dzinosvika zviuru gumi nezvisere. Kugona kwakagadzirwa kwekutakura ngarava i1 miriyoni pagore munguva pfupi iri kutevera uye 1.5 miriyoni TEUs munguva refu.
Zvinoenderana nehurongwa uhwu, mushure mekupedzwa kwechiteshi cheQiankai chichava chiteshi chakakosha muLatin America uye "gedhi rekuSouth America kuenda kuAsia."
Kushanda kwechiteshi cheChankai kuchaderedza zvakanyanya nguva yekutakura zvinhu zvinotengeswa kubva kuSouth America kuenda kumusika weAsia kubva pamazuva makumi matatu nemashanu kusvika pamazuva makumi maviri nemashanu, zvichideredza mari yekufambisa zvinhu. Zvinotarisirwa kuti zvichaunza mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mana nehafu emadhora pagore kuPeru uye zvichagadzira mabasa anopfuura zviuru zvisere.
Peru ine musika mukuru wemachira
KuPeru nenyika dziri pedyo dzeSouth America, kukosha kwechiteshi chitsva chegungwa chePacific ndechekuderedza kuvimba nezviteshi zvegungwa muMexico kana California uye kutumira zvinhu zvakananga kunyika dzeAsia-Pacific.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kutengeswa kwezvinhu neChina kuPeru kwakawedzera nekukurumidza.
Mumwedzi gumi yekutanga yegore rino, kutengeswa nekutengeswa kweChina kuPeru kwakasvika mabhiriyoni 254.69 emadhora, kuwedzera kwe16.8% (yakafanana pazasi). Pakati pazvo, kutengeswa kwemotokari nezvimwe zvinhu, nharembozha, makomputa nemidziyo yemumba kwakawedzera ne8.7%, 29.1%, 29.3% uye 34.7%, zvichiteerana. Munguva imwe cheteyo, kutengeswa kwezvigadzirwa zveLoumi kuPeru kwaive mabhiriyoni 16.5 emadhora, kuwedzera kwe8.3%, zvichiita 20.5%. Pakati pazvo, kutengeswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemachira nezvipfeko nepurasitiki kwakawedzera ne9.1% uye 14.3%, zvichiteerana.
Peru yakapfuma mumhangura, lithium ore nezvimwe zvicherwa, uye kune simba guru rekuwedzera pamwe chete neindasitiri yekugadzira yeChina, kugadzwa kwechiteshi cheQiankai kunogona kushandisa mukana uyu zviri nani, kuunza mari yakawanda kune veko, kuwedzera huwandu hwehupfumi hweko uye simba rekushandisa, asiwo kuti zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zveChina zvivhure kutengesa kwakawanda, kuti zvibudirire.
Chikafu, mbatya, pekugara uye zvekufambisa sezvinodiwa nevanhu, hupfumi hwemunharaunda, vagari vemo havazoshayiwi chishuwo chembatya dzemhando yepamusoro, saka kuvambwa kwechiteshi cheQiankai mukana mukuru kune indasitiri yemachira yeChina.
Kukwezva kwemusika weSouth America
Makwikwi emusika wemachira emazuva ano apinda mumakwikwi makuru, pamusoro pekukura nekukurumidza kwesimba rekugadzira, pane chimwe chikonzero ndechekuti kudzikira kwekukura kwehupfumi hwenyika, kuwedzera kwekudiwa kuri kushoma, munhu wese ari kukwikwidzana mumusika wemasheya, saka misika iri kubuda pachena inonyanya kukosha.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kuvaka pamwe chete kwe "Belt and Road" kwave nemhedzisiro yakawanda, mumunda wemachira, zvinhu zvinotengeswa neChina gore rega rega kuSoutheast Asia, Middle East nedzimwe misika iri kubuda zviri kukura nekukurumidza, uye South America inogona kunge iri "gungwa rebhuruu" rinotevera.
South America iri makiromita angangoita 7,500 kubva kuchamhembe kuenda kumaodzanyemba, ine nzvimbo yemakiromita 17.97 miriyoni, inosanganisira nyika gumi nembiri nenzvimbo imwe chete, ine huwandu hwevanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 442, ine zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvechisikigo, uye kune zvakawanda zvinoenderana neindasitiri yeChina uye kudiwa kwayo. Semuenzaniso, gore rino, China yakatenga nyama yemombe yakawanda kubva kuArgentina, izvo zvakapfumisa zvikuru tafura yekudyira yevagari, uye China inodawo kuunza soya dzakawanda nesimbi kubva kuBrazil gore rega rega, uye China inopawo huwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri kuvanhu vemuno. Kare, kutengeserana uku kwaida kupfuura nemuPanama Canal, iyo yaitora nguva uye inodhura. Nekugadzwa kweQiankai Port, maitiro ekubatanidza traffic mumusika uyu ari kuwedzerawo.
Hurumende yeBrazil yakazivisa kuti iri kuda kuisa mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mana nehafu reais (inenge mamiriyoni mazana manomwe nemakumi manomwe nematanhatu emadhora) mukusimudzira hurongwa hwekudyidzana kweSouth America, huchashandiswa kutsigira kuvandudzwa kwechikamu chemukati chechirongwa chezvitima zvegungwa zviviri. Hurongwa uhwu hunotarisa pamapurojekiti ekufambisa migwagwa nemvura munguva pfupi, asi hunosanganisira mapurojekiti ezvitima munguva refu, uye Brazil inoti inoda kubatana kuvaka njanji itsva. Parizvino, Brazil inogona kupinda muPeru nemvura uye kutumira kunze kwenyika kuburikidza nechiteshi cheCiancay. Chitima cheLiangyang chinobatanidza Pacific neAtlantic Oceans, nehurefu hwemakiromita angangoita 6,500 uye mari yekutanga inosvika mabhiriyoni makumi masere emadhora ekuAmerica. Mutsetse uyu unotangira pachiteshi chePeru cheCiancay, unopfuura kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva uchipfuura nePeru, Bolivia neBrazil, uye unobatanidza nechitima chakarongwa cheEast-West muBrazil, uye unoguma kumabvazuva kuPuerto Ileus pamhenderekedzo yeAtlantic.
Kana mutsetse uyu wangovhurwa, mune ramangwana, musika mukuru muSouth America uchakwanisa kupenya pakati peChankai Port, uchivhura mukana wekugadzira machira echiChinese, uye hupfumi hwenzvimbo hunogonawo kuunza budiriro kuburikidza nemhepo yekumabvazuva iyi, uye pakupedzisira kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu anobatsira vose.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-09-2024