Sezvo mamiriro ezvinhu muGungwa Dzvuku ari kupisa, ngarava dzakawanda dzemakontena dziri kupfuura nzira yeRed Sea-Suez Canal kuti dzipfuure Cape of Good Hope, uye mitengo yekutakura zvinhu muAsia-Europe neAsia-Mediterranean yakapetwa kana.
Vanotakura zvinhu vari kukurumidza kuisa maodha pachine nguva kuti vaderedze kukanganiswa kwenguva refu yekufambisa zvinhu kubva kuAsia kuenda kuEurope. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekunonoka kwerwendo rwekudzoka, kuwanikwa kwemidziyo isina chinhu mumidziyo munzvimbo yeAsia kwakaoma zvikuru, uye makambani ekutakura zvinhu anongogumira pa "zvibvumirano zveVIP" zvakawanda kana kuti vanotakura zvinhu vanoda kubhadhara mitengo yakakwira yekutakura zvinhu.
Kunyangwe zvakadaro, hapasisina vimbiso yekuti makontena ese achauya kuchiteshi achatumirwa Gore Idzva reChinese risati rasvika musi wa10 Kukadzi, sezvo vatakuri vachasarudza zvinhu zvinotengeswa ipapo ipapo zvine mitengo yakakwira uye vachanonotsa zvibvumirano zvine mitengo yakaderera.
Mitengo yaKukadzi inodarika $10,000
Pazuva rechi12 remuno, US Consumer News and Business Channel yakashuma kuti kana kusagadzikana kuripo muGungwa Dzvuku kukaramba kuripo kwenguva refu, kukanganisa kuripo pakutumira zvinhu pasi rose, mitengo yekutumira zvinhu icharamba ichikwira. Kudziya kuri kuita zvinhu muGungwa Dzvuku kuri kuita kuti mitengo yekutumira zvinhu ikwire pasi rose.
Zvichienderana nehuwandu, hwakakanganiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu muGungwa Dzvuku, mitengo yekutakura matangi panzira dzakasiyana dzeAsia neEurope yakakwira ne600% munguva pfupi yapfuura. Panguva imwe chete, kuti vatsive kumiswa kwenzira dzeGungwa Dzvuku, makambani mazhinji ekutakura ngarava ari kutamisa ngarava dzavo kubva kune dzimwe nzira kuenda kuAsia-Europe neAsia-Mediterranean, izvo zvinoita kuti mitengo yekutakura ngarava ikwire.
Sekureva kwemushumo uri pawebhusaiti yaLoadstar, mutengo wenzvimbo yekutakura zvinhu pakati peChina neNorthern Europe muna Kukadzi wakakwira zvakanyanya, pamadhora anodarika zviuru gumi ($10,000) pamudziyo mumwe chete une makiromita makumi mana.
Panguva imwe chete, nhamba yenzvimbo yemumakontena, iyo inoratidza avhareji yehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu munguva pfupi, yakaramba ichikwira. Svondo rapfuura, zvichienderana neDelury World Container Freight Composite Index WCI, mitengo yekutakura zvinhu pamigwagwa yeShanghai-Northern Europe yakakwira ne23 muzana kusvika pa$4,406 /FEU, yakakwira ne164 muzana kubva musi wa21 Zvita, ukuwo mitengo yenzvimbo kubva kuShanghai kuenda kuMediterranean yakakwira ne25 muzana kusvika pa$5,213 /FEU, yakakwira ne166 muzana.
Pamusoro pezvo, kushomeka kwemidziyo isina chinhu mumidziyo yekutakura zvinhu uye mitemo yekudhonza zvinhu muPanama Canal zvakawedzerawo mitengo yekutakura zvinhu muPacific, iyo yakakwira nechikamu chimwe muzvitatu kubva pakupera kwaZvita kusvika pamadhora zviuru zviviri nemazana masere ($2,800) pamakiromita makumi mana pakati peAsia neWest. Avhareji yemitengo yekutakura zvinhu muAsia neUS East yakakwira ne36 muzana kubva munaZvita kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvina nemazana maviri ($4,200) pamakiromita makumi mana.
Makambani akawanda ekutakura zvinhu akazivisa mitemo mitsva yekutakura zvinhu
Zvisinei, mitengo iyi icharatidzika kunge yakachipa mumavhiki mashoma anotevera kana mitengo yemuchina wekutumira zvinhu ikasangana nezvaitarisirwa. Mimwe migwagwa yekutumira zvinhu yeTranspacific ichaunza mitengo mitsva yeFAK, kutanga kushanda musi wa15 Ndira. Muchina wekutakura zvinhu une 40 feet uchadhura $5,000 kuWest Coast yeUnited States, ukuwo muchina wekutakura zvinhu une 40 feet uchadhura $7,000 kuEast Coast neGulf Coast ports.
Sezvo kusawirirana kuri kuramba kuchikwira muGungwa Dzvuku, Maersk yanyevera kuti kukanganiswa kwekutakura zvinhu muGungwa Dzvuku kunogona kugara kwemwedzi yakati wandei. Sekambani huru pasi rose, Mediterranean Shipping (MSC) yakazivisa kuwedzera kwemitengo yekutakura zvinhu mukupera kwaNdira kubva musi wa15. Indasitiri iyi inofanotaura kuti mitengo yekutakura zvinhu muPacific inogona kusvika pakakwirira kubva pakutanga kwa2022.
Kambani yeMediterranean Shipping (MSC) yazivisa mitengo mitsva yekutakura zvinhu muhafu yechipiri yaNdira. Kubva musi wa15, mutengo uchakwira kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvishanu ($5,000) panzira yeUS-West, $6,900 panzira yeUS-East, uye $7,300 panzira yeGulf of Mexico.
Pamusoro pezvo, CMA CGM yeFrance yakazivisawo kuti kutanga musi wa15, huwandu hwemidziyo inotakurwa ine 20-foot inotumirwa kumachiteshi ekumadokero kweMediterranean huchakwira kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu ($3,500), uye mutengo wemidziyo ine 40-foot uchakwira kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvitanhatu ($6,000).
Kusava nechokwadi kukuru kuchiripo
Musika unotarisira kuti kukanganiswa kwecheni yekugovera zvinhu kuchaenderera mberi. Data rekuongorora reKuehne & Nagel rinoratidza kuti kusvika musi wa12, huwandu hwengarava dzemakontena dzakadzoserwa shure nekuda kwemamiriro eGungwa Dzvuku hwaonekwa kuti hwasvika 388, nehukuru hunofungidzirwa hwe5.13 miriyoni TEU. Ngarava makumi mana neimwe dzatosvika pachiteshi chadzo chekutanga chekuenda mushure mekudzoserwa shure. Sekureva kwekambani yekuongorora data rekutakura zvinhu Project44, kufamba kwengarava zuva nezuva muSuez Canal kwaderera ne61 muzana kusvika paavhareji yengarava 5.8 kubvira kurwiswa kweHouthi kusati kwaitika.
Vaongorori vemusika vakataura kuti kurwisa kweUS neUK pazvinangwa zveHouthi hakuzodzikisi mamiriro aripo muGungwa Dzvuku, asi kuchawedzera kusawirirana munharaunda, zvichiita kuti makambani ekutakura zvinhu adzivise nzira yeGungwa Dzvuku kwenguva yakareba. Kugadziriswa kwenzira iyi kwakakanganisawo mamiriro ekurodha nekuburitsa zvinhu pazviteshi, nenguva dzekumirira muzviteshi zvikuru zveSouth Africa zveDurban neCape Town dzakasvika kaviri.
“Handifungi kuti makambani ekutakura zvinhu achadzokera kuRed Sea chero nguva munguva pfupi iri kutevera,” akadaro Tamas, nyanzvi yemusika. “Zvinoita sekuti mushure mekurwisa kweUS-UK kurwisa zvinangwa zveHouthi, kusagadzikana muRed Sea kungangove kusingamire chete, asi kunowedzera.”
Mukupindura kurwiswa kwendege kweUS neUK nemauto eHouthi muYemen, nyika zhinji dzeMiddle East dzakaratidza kunetseka kukuru. Vanoongorora misika vanoti pane kusava nechokwadi kukuru nezvemamiriro aripo pari zvino muGungwa Dzvuku. Zvisinei, kana Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates nevamwe vagadziri vemafuta vekuMiddle East vakabatanidzwa mune ramangwana, izvi zvichaita kuti mitengo yemafuta ikwire zvakanyanya, uye kukanganisa kwacho kuchasvika kure.
Bhanga repasi rose rakapa yambiro yepamutemo, richiratidza kusagadzikana kuri kuramba kuripo mune zvematongerwo enyika uye mukana wekuti magetsi adzimwe nzvimbo adzimwe nzvimbo.
Manyuko: Misoro yeChemical fiber, Global Textile Network, Network
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-17-2024